Concrete art
Concrete art is a term introduced by Theo van Doesburg in 1930 for a form of abstract art that had to be universally clear and the product of the artist's conscious, rational mind. The movement is also called concretivism and in practice the term has become synonymous with geometric abstraction. Concrete art is characterized by a strict geometric form language (squares, rectangles, circles, triangles, etc.) and is usually limited and controlled in its use of color. The artists assumed that art is created completely independently of reality. The work of art itself is reality, and is made up of lines, shapes and colors that are often elaborated in a mathematical way. The artists were often inspired by scientific concepts or mathematical formulas. The roots of concrete art lie in Suprematism, Constructivism, De Stijl and Elementarism.